Bivalvia

(Mussels & Clams)

 Photogallery: 

Synonyms:  Alasmodonta confragosa
                   Arcidens confragosus jacintoensis Strecker
                                           (Strecker 1931)
                   Margaritana confragosis Say
                                            (Frierson 1899; Vaughn 1893)
                   Unio confragosa
                                            (Frierson 1911)

1893 Vaughn
1899 Frierson

1900 Simpson

1911 Frierson
1913 Shira
1914 Simpson

1931 Strecker
1938 Parks Cory et al.

1940 Bachtel
1943 Bartsch

1954 Read

[1968 Murray & Roy]

[1973 Burch]
1974 Britton et al.
1974 RET Inc.
1976 Calnan
[1978 Pennak]

1981 Clarke
1982 Golightly
1985 Mather
1989 Mather
[1989 Pennak]
1989b Vidrine

1990 Neck GSA
1990a Neck GSHI
1993 Vidrine
1995 Howells DSFB119
1996 Howells DSFB120
1996 Howells et al.
1997 Howells
1997 Howells DSFB144
1999 Howells DSFB161

2000 Howells
2000 Howells Mather
         Bergman
2005 Caldeira
2006 Ford & Nicholson
[2008 NatureServe]

notes:

*species of concern (AOBIS 2001) but TCDC (2003) lists it as G4, secure globally

-often found in still or slowly moving water (Howells et al. 1996) and in mixed sand and mud substrates in shallow water and fair current (Read 1954)

-longterm breeder (Read 1954)